Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ukutshaya kuyingozi kwimpilo yakho.Ukuba ubuza ngokucokisekileyo, kutheni imidiza iyingozi kwimpilo yakho?Ndiyakholelwa ukuba uninzi lwabantu luya kucinga ukuba yi "nicotine" ekwicuba.Ekuqondeni kwethu, "nicotine" ayinabungozi kuphela kwimpilo yabantu, kodwa kunye ne-carcinogenic.Kodwa uphando olwenziwa yiYunivesithi yaseRutgers eNew Jersey lubonakala lubhukuqa ingcamango yokuba "nicotine" ibangela umhlaza.
Ngaba inikotini kwiCigarette iyawubangela umhlaza?
Inikotini lelona candelo liphambili lecuba kwaye idweliswe njengecarcinogen ngooncologists abaninzi.Nangona kunjalo, akukho nicotine kuluhlu lwee-carcinogens ezipapashwe yi-World Health Organization.
Inikotini ayibangeli mhlaza.Ngaba ukutshaya kuyingozi empilweni “bubuqhophololo obukhulu”?
Ekubeni iRutgers University yaseNew Jersey neWorld Health Organization zingachazanga ngokucacileyo ukuba “nikotini” ibangela umhlaza, ngaba akuyonyaniso ukuba “ukutshaya kuyingozi emzimbeni”?
Hayi akunjalo.Nangona kusithiwa inikotini ekwicuba ayisayi kubangela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba abantu abatshayayo bahlaselwe ngumhlaza, ukuphefumla kangangexesha elide isixa esikhulu senikotini kuya kukhokelela kuhlobo oluthile “lokuxhomekeka” nokuba likhoboka lokutshaya, nto leyo eya kuthi ekugqibeleni yandise umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza.
Ngokwetheyibhile yokwakheka kwemidiza, inikotini ayiyonto yodwa kwicuba.I-cigarettes iqulethe i-tar, i-benzopyrene kunye nezinye izinto, kunye ne-carbon monoxide, i-nitrite kunye nezinye izinto eziveliswa emva kokukhanyisa i-cigarettes, eya kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza.
·Ikhabhon monoxide
Nangona icarbon monoxide ekwicuba ingawubangeli ngokuthe ngqo umhlaza, ukufunxa isixa esikhulu secarbon monoxide kunokukhokelela kwityhefu yomntu.Ngenxa yokuba i-carbon monoxide iya kutshabalalisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-oksijini ngegazi, ekhokelela kwi-phenomenon ye-hypoxia emzimbeni womntu;Ukongeza, iya kudibanisa kunye ne-hemoglobin egazini, okukhokelela kwiimpawu ezinobuthi.
Ukuphefumla i-carbon monoxide eninzi kuya kwandisa umxholo we-cholesterol emzimbeni.Ukuxinana kwe-cholesterol ephezulu kakhulu kuya kwandisa umngcipheko we-arteriosclerosis kwaye kubangele isifo senhliziyo.
·Benzopyrene
Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi udwelisa i-benzopyrene njengeklasi I carcinogen.Ukuthatha ixesha elide ngokugqithisileyo kwe-benzopyrene kuya kubangela umonakalo wemiphunga ngokukhawuleza kwaye kwandise umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga.
·Tar
Icuba liqulethe malunga ne-6 ~ 8 mg yetar.Itar inomhlaza othile.Ukutya ixesha elide kwetela ngokugqithisileyo kuya kubangela umonakalo wemiphunga, kuchaphazele ukusebenza kwemiphunga kwaye kwandise ingozi yomhlaza wemiphunga.
·Iasidi yenitrogen
Imidiza iya kuvelisa isixa esithile se-nitrous acid xa sitshiswa.Nangona kunjalo, i-nitrite kudala ihlelwa njengeklasi I carcinogen ngubani.Ukuthatha ixesha elide kwe-nitrite egqithisileyo kuya kuchaphazela impilo kunye nokwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza.
Ukusuka apha ngasentla, siyazi ukuba nangona i-nicotine ingabangeli umhlaza ngokuthe ngqo, ukutshaya ixesha elide kuya kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza.Ngoko ke, ukutshaya kuyingozi kwimpilo kwaye akusiyo "i-scam enkulu".
Ebomini, uninzi lwabantu lukholelwa ukuba "ukutshaya = umhlaza".Ukutshaya ixesha elide kuya kwandisa ingozi yomhlaza wemiphunga, ngelixa abangatshayiyo bengayi kuchaphazeleka ngumhlaza wemiphunga.Oku akunjalo.Abantu abangatshayiyo akuthethi ukuba abayi kuba nomhlaza wemiphunga, kodwa umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga ungaphantsi kakhulu kunowabatshayayo.
Ngubani onokuthi aphathwe ngumhlaza wemiphunga xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangatshayiyo?
Ngokwezibalo zeZiko loPhando lweCancer laMazwe ngaMazwe loMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi, ngo-2020 kuphela, bekukho malunga nama-820000 amatyala amatsha omhlaza wemiphunga eTshayina.Iziko loPhando loMhlaza laseBritane lifumanise ukuba umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga unyuke ngama-25% kubantu abatshaya rhoqo, kwaye nge-0.3% kuphela kwabo bangatshayiyo.
Ke kwabo batshayayo, ingaba njani kumhlaza wemiphunga inyathelo ngenyathelo?
Siza kuhlela ngokulula iminyaka yabantu abatshayayo: iminyaka eyi-1-2 yokutshaya;Ukutshaya iminyaka emi-3-10;Ukutshaya iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10.
Iminyaka eyi-01 yokutshaya i-1 ~ 2 iminyaka
Ukuba utshaya iminyaka emi-2, amachaphaza amancinci amnyama aya kuvela kancinci kwimiphunga yabantu abatshayayo.Ibangelwa ikakhulu zizinto eziyingozi kwicuba ezifakwe kwimiphunga, kodwa imiphunga isesempilweni ngeli xesha.Logama uyekile ukutshaya kwangethuba, umonakalo kwimiphunga unokubuyiselwa.
Iminyaka engama-02 yokutshaya i-3 ~ 10 iminyaka
Xa amachokoza amancinane amnyama ebonakala emiphungeni, ukuba usenako ukuyeka ukutshaya kwangethuba, izinto eziyingozi ezikwicuba ziya kuqhubeka “zihlasela” imiphunga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amachaphaza amaninzi amnyama ajikeleze imiphunga avele kumashiti.Ngeli xesha, imiphunga iye yonakaliswa ngokuthe ngcembe zizinto eziyingozi kwaye ilahlekelwe ngamandla.Ngeli xesha, umsebenzi wemiphunga wabatshaya bendawo uya kuhla kancinci.
Ukuba uyayeka ukutshaya ngeli xesha, imiphunga yakho ayiyi kukwazi ukubuyela kwinkangeleko yayo yokuqala esempilweni.Kodwa unokuyeka ukuvumela imiphunga ibe mandundu.
03 ukutshaya iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10
Emva kokutshaya iminyaka elishumi nangaphezulu, "Halala" iye yavela kwimiphunga ebomvu kunye netyebileyo ukuya "kumphunga wekhabhoni emnyama", ephulukene ngokupheleleyo ne-elasticity yayo.Kusenokubakho ukhohlokhohlo, i-dyspnea kunye nezinye iimpawu ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo, kwaye umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga uphezulu ngamakhulu amaxesha kunowabantu abangatshayiyo.
Kwangaxeshanye, yena Jie, isifundiswa seZiko leeSayensi zaseTshayina kunye noMongameli weSibhedlele soMhlaza kwiZiko lezoNyango zaseTshayina, wakha wathi ukutshaya ixesha elide akuyi kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga kuphela, kodwa nokutshaya. izinto eziyingozi kwicuba ziya kuyonakalisa i-DNA yomntu kwaye zibangele utshintsho kwimfuza, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa ingozi yomhlaza womlomo, umhlaza weqhoqhoqho, umhlaza womlomo, umhlaza wesisu kunye neminye imihlaza.
Isiphelo: Ngokusebenzisa le mixholo ingentla, ndiyakholelwa ukuba sinokuqonda ngakumbi ngomonakalo wecuba emzimbeni womntu.Ndingathanda ukukhumbuza abantu abathanda ukutshaya apha ukuba umonakalo obangelwa yicuba ayilona xesha lokwenyani, kodwa kufuneka uqokelelwe ixesha elide.Okukhona iminyaka yokutshaya inde, kokukhona uba mkhulu umonakalo kumzimba womntu.Ngoko ke, ngenxa yempilo yabo neyeentsapho zabo, bafanele bayeke ukutshaya ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-09-2022
