Amabwiriza ya E-itabi ku isi yose: Kuringaniza ibibazo byubuzima no guhitamo abaguzi

Muri2023, iisi yose e-itabiinganda zihagaze mu gihe gikomeye kubera ko politiki n’amabwiriza mashya bigamije gushyira mu gaciro hagati y’ibibazo by’ubuzima no kubungabunga amahitamo y’abaguzi.Mu kwerekana intambwe ikomeye mu kurwanya urubyiruko, ibihugu byinshi byafashe ingamba zikomeye zo gukumirae-itabi ikoreshwa mu bana bato.Vuba aha, Amerika yashyizeho itegeko ry’itabi 21, ryongera imyaka yemewe yo kuguraitabin'ibicuruzwa by'itabi kuri 21 mu gihugu hose.Ibikorwa bisa nabyo byashyizwe mubikorwa mubihugu bitandukanye byu Burayi, harimo Ubwongereza n’Ubufaransa, ubu bikaba bisaba inzira yo kugenzura imyaka yuzuye kuri interinetie-itabikugurisha.Hamwe n’ubwumvikane bugenda bwiyongera ku bijyanye no kubungabunga ubuzima rusange bw’abaturage, guverinoma ku isi yose ifata inzira imwee-itabiamabwiriza.

Imbere mu gihugu, hasubijwe impungenge ziyongera ku ngaruka z’ubuzima ziterwa naitabi, abashinzwe ubuzima bayoboye ubushakashatsi n’iperereza ku ngaruka mbi.Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwerekanye ko guhumeka bikomeretsa ibihaha n'indwara z'ubuhumekero.Intwaro zifashishije ibyo bimenyetso, guverinoma zihutira gufata ingamba zo gukumira ubuzima rusange.Ibihugu nka Kanada, Ositaraliya, na Nouvelle-Zélande byakajije umuregoe-itabiamabwiriza mugushiraho amategeko akomeye yo kwamamaza no gushyira mubikorwa ibisabwa bipfunyika.Na none kandi, ubukangurambaga bw’ubuzima rusange burimo gutegurwa hagamijwe kwigisha abaturage muri rusange, cyane cyane abakiri bato, ingaruka zishobora guterwae-itabiKoresha.Izi mbaraga zihuriweho zishimangira ubwitange bwa guverinoma zo gukumira ikibazo cy’ubuzima rusange.

Ibinyuranye, ibihugu bimwe byafashe inzira zitandukanyee-itabiamabwiriza, guhitamo gushakisha ingamba zo kugabanya ingaruka aho gushyira mubikorwa bikomeye.Ikigaragara ni uko Suwede yagaragaye nk'umuyobozi ku isi muri urwo rwego, uburyo bwihariye bwo kugabanya ingaruka z’itabi.Intsinzi ya Suwede mu kugabanya cyane igipimo cy’itabi mu guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa by’itabi bitagira umwotsi byakuruye isi yose.Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibihugu byinshi biratekereza gufata ingamba nkizo zo kugabanya ingaruka mbi zo kurwanya itabi gakondo.Icyakora, ibyo bihugu kandi biritondera ingaruka zishobora guterwa kandi birakora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse mbere yo gushyira mu bikorwa izo politiki.

Mugihee-itabiamabwiriza aratandukanye mubihugu, harashakishwa ingamba zifatika kwisi.Imiryango mpuzamahanga, nk'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), irakora cyane kugira ngo hashyizweho urwego rwuzuye rwo guhuriza hamwee-itabi amabwiriza n'ibipimo.Mu gukoresha ibimenyetso bya siyansi, OMS igamije gushyiraho ubwumvikane ku isi yosee-itabiamabwiriza, gushimangira umutekano wibicuruzwa, gukurikirana no gutanga raporo mbi kubuzima, no kugenzurae-itabikwamamaza no kuzamurwa.Gushiraho urwego rusange bizafasha ibihugu kugendana imiterere igoye yae-itabiamabwiriza mugihe arengera inyungu zubuzima rusange no guteza imbere imibereho myiza yombie-itabiabakoresha n'abadakoresha kimwe.

Mu gusoza, 2023 yerekana umwaka uhinduka kwisi yosee-itabiinganda, nka politiki n’amabwiriza yashyizweho kugira ngo hagabanuke ingaruka zishobora guterwa n’imikoreshereze yazo.Guverinoma ku isi hose zishyira imbere ibibazo by’ubuzima rusange zishyiraho amategeko akomeye yo gukumira ihohoterwa ry’urubyiruko no gukemura ibimenyetso bigaragara ku ngaruka z’ubuzima.Icyarimwe, ingamba zo kugabanya ingaruka ziragenda ziyongera nkuko ubundi buryo bwakorewe ubushakashatsi.Amahanga, abinyujije mu mashyirahamwe nka OMS, araharanira gushyiraho urwego ruhuriweho n’isi yose kugira ngo byorohereze amahame murie-itabiamabwiriza.Nkae-itabiinganda zitera imbere, kuringaniza ibibazo byubuzima no kubungabunga amahitamo y’abaguzi bikomeje kuba ibya mbere ku bafata ibyemezo ku isi.